The two questions are inseparable
These effects appear to be mediated through start of multiple signaling pathways and increased expression of growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins
Chronically high glucose fuels a flood of free radicals, and over time patients are left with less of the reduced, protective form of GSH and more of the oxidized, exhausted kind a red flag of cellular stress
Blood 94 : 21022111 Liu J, Chen H, Miller DS, Saavedra JE, Keefer LK, Johnson DR, Klaassen CD and Waalkes MP (2001) Overexpression of glutathione S -transferase II and multidrug resistance transport proteins is associated with acquired tolerance to inorganic arsenic
The prevalence of overt hypothyroidism in the general population ranges from 0.2% to 5.3% in Europe and only 0.3% to 3.7% in the United States